{"id":525,"date":"2020-03-10T00:55:46","date_gmt":"2020-03-10T05:55:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/?p=525"},"modified":"2020-03-10T00:55:46","modified_gmt":"2020-03-10T05:55:46","slug":"what-does-jazz-in-1920s-paris-have-to-do-with-modern-american-music","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/2020\/03\/10\/what-does-jazz-in-1920s-paris-have-to-do-with-modern-american-music\/","title":{"rendered":"What does jazz in 1920s Paris have to do with modern American music?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If asked, I believe that many 1920s Parisians would have said that they really did love, respect, and celebrate African American art and artists. These Parisians would likely cite how exciting it was to watch. They would likely have similar responses to the 1920s critic Andr\u00e9 Levinson, who said that \u201ctheir extravagant technique would put the virtuosity of an acrobat to shame\u201d <a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a> How could they not love it, if it was \u201cas impossible for us to reproduce as it is astounding to us to watch?&#8221;<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a> Many viewed performances, especially those of Josephine Baker, as transcendent.<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Some would most likely be so generous as to put this African American art on the same playing field as French art. Levinson writes that \u201cThe Negro dancers of today are no longer beings possessed by devils, but merely professionals.\u201d<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 And de Regnier praised these performances, saying \u201cIt is pure modern art! It is magnificent!\u201d<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>5<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n<!-- iframe plugin v.6.0 wordpress.org\/plugins\/iframe\/ -->\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jEH6eDpjgRw\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" 0=\"allowfullscreen\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\"><\/iframe>\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, I would argue that these feelings aren\u2019t equatable to love and respect. Jordan addresses this conundrum in his analysis of Parisian climate surrounding <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La revue n\u00e8gre<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. He writes, \u201cCritics&#8230; worked through their initial fascination and settled back into familiar tropes of discourse in which jazz was a foreign influence wreaking havoc on true French culture.\u201d<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>6<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 Rather than true artistic respect, 1920s Parisians held an intense interest for black art, while also feeling that it was a dangerous threat to aspects of pure French culture. After praising the dancers for their professionalism, Levinson asserts that \u201cThe really [<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sic.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">] devil-ridden today are those European idlers who passively give themselves up to an enjoyment of the Negro dance without setting up any barriers to its atavistic, demoralizing appeal.\u201d<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>7<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0While Parisians thought of these dancers and musicians as being very skilled, they also kept them at a distance and under a diminutive and primitive lens.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is important when encountering \u201cother\u201d musics today, that histories like these most likely shape the ways we view them. One good example of this is the recent superbowl halftime show, featuring Shakira and Jennifer Lopez. Some viewers voiced opposition to the sexual nature of the performance, while some other viewers vehemently defended the performance against what they felt was a racist argument. It\u2019s a hard balance. While it\u2019s true that not all material may have been suitable for all viewers, it\u2019s also true that Latin music (especially by females) has been forced to develop as a hypersexualized artform. As a racially subordinate music, it can be consumed selectively by those in power, and shut down when it seems to threaten the heart of the nation- American football.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<!-- iframe plugin v.6.0 wordpress.org\/plugins\/iframe\/ -->\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/pILCn6VO_RU\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" 0=\"allowfullscreen\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\"><\/iframe>\n\n<div id=\"sdfootnote1\">\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1<\/a>Levinson Andre\u0301. <i>Andre\u0301 Levinson on Dance: Writings from Paris in the Twenties,<\/i> ed. Joan Ross Acocella and Lynn Garafola (Hanover, NH: Wesleyan University Press, 1991), 74<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote2\">\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">2<\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a>Levinson Andre\u0301. <i>Andre\u0301 Levinson on Dance: Writings from Paris in the Twenties,<\/i> ed. Joan Ross Acocella and Lynn Garafola (Hanover, NH: Wesleyan University Press, 1991), 72<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote3\">\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">3<\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a>Levinson Andre\u0301. <i>Andre\u0301 Levinson on Dance: Writings from Paris in the Twenties,<\/i> ed. Joan Ross Acocella and Lynn Garafola (Hanover, NH: Wesleyan University Press, 1991), 74<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">4<\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a>Levinson Andre\u0301. <i>Andre\u0301 Levinson on Dance: Writings from Paris in the Twenties,<\/i> ed. Joan Ross Acocella and Lynn Garafola (Hanover, NH: Wesleyan University Press, 1991), 75<\/p>\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">5<\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a>Jordan, Mathew F. <i>Le Jazz: Jazz and French cultural identity.<\/i> (Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2010), 109<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">6Jordan, Mathew F. <i>Le Jazz: Jazz and French cultural identity.<\/i> (Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2010), 111<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote4\">\n<div id=\"sdfootnote5\">\n<div id=\"sdfootnote6\">\n<div id=\"sdfootnote7\">\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">7<\/a><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a>Levinson Andre\u0301. <i>Andre\u0301 Levinson on Dance: Writings from Paris in the Twenties,<\/i> ed. Joan Ross Acocella and Lynn Garafola (Hanover, NH: Wesleyan University Press, 1991), 75<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If asked, I believe that many 1920s Parisians would have said that they really did love, respect, and celebrate African American art and artists. These Parisians would likely cite how exciting it was to watch. They would likely have similar responses to the 1920s critic Andr\u00e9 Levinson, who said that \u201ctheir extravagant technique would put [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3604,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3604"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=525"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":526,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/525\/revisions\/526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/performinghistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}