{"id":966,"date":"2023-07-17T11:05:20","date_gmt":"2023-07-17T16:05:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/?page_id=966"},"modified":"2024-10-04T01:11:31","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T06:11:31","slug":"lwf-sr-staff","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/lwf-sr-staff\/","title":{"rendered":"LWF-SR Staff"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_section et_pb_section_0 et_pb_with_background  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_section_regular et_block_section\" >\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_0  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column et_pb_column_0  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_0  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1>LWF-SR Staffing (~1947-1952)<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With its beginnings in 1947, Lutheran World Federation Service to Refugees became a program with diverse leadership and many different staffing needs. This page aims to understand the program through its people. In other words, this page unpacks LWF executive staff, LWF-SR staff in Germany and Austria, and finally the important smaller roles that allowed LWF-SR to provide aid to thousands.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_0\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Bad-Salzuflen-Staff-Meeting.jpg\" class=\"et_pb_lightbox_image\" title=\"Original Caption: &quot;The Lutheran World Federation Service to Refugees zone field officers are shown during the May staff meeting at Bad Salzuflen headquarters. Around the table from the left: Russell Schilling, Herbert Brokering, area directors; Chris Christiansen, resettlement; James Anderson, public information; Dr. Howard Hong, Senior Field Representative in Germany; Pastor Arnold Nelson, zone director; Prof. Edmund Smits, Lutheran Study Center program director; Elise Anderson, LSC hostess and welfare officer; Pastor Gustavs Kness-Knezinskis, religious education; Pastor Bruno Ederma, congregational care; A. Braunsteins, administrative assistant; Aleksanders Kacens, emigration center counselling; and Pastor Edgars Kiploks, chaplaincy services and publications.&quot;\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap has-box-shadow-overlay\"><div class=\"box-shadow-overlay\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"479\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Bad-Salzuflen-Staff-Meeting.jpg\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;The Lutheran World Federation Service to Refugees zone field officers are shown during the May staff meeting at Bad Salzuflen headquarters. Around the table from the left: Russell Schilling, Herbert Brokering, area directors; Chris Christiansen, resettlement; James Anderson, public information; Dr. Howard Hong, Senior Field Representative in Germany; Pastor Arnold Nelson, zone director; Prof. Edmund Smits, Lutheran Study Center program director; Elise Anderson, LSC hostess and welfare officer; Pastor Gustavs Kness-Knezinskis, religious education; Pastor Bruno Ederma, congregational care; A. Braunsteins, administrative assistant; Aleksanders Kacens, emigration center counselling; and Pastor Edgars Kiploks, chaplaincy services and publications.&quot;\" title=\"Bad Salzuflen Staff Meeting\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Bad-Salzuflen-Staff-Meeting.jpg 730w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Bad-Salzuflen-Staff-Meeting-480x315.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 730px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-1638\" \/><\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_1  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_2  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_1  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1>LWF Executive Staff<\/h1><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_2  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column et_pb_column_3  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Organisation-Schema-in-der-LWF.jpg\" class=\"et_pb_lightbox_image\" title=\"\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap has-box-shadow-overlay\"><div class=\"box-shadow-overlay\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"697\" height=\"1086\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Organisation-Schema-in-der-LWF.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Organisation-Schema in der LWF\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Organisation-Schema-in-der-LWF.jpg 697w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Organisation-Schema-in-der-LWF-480x748.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 697px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-1378\" \/><\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_2  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>President:<\/strong> <\/span>Dr. Anders Nygren (Sweden)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Vice presidents: <\/strong><\/span>Dr. Abdel Ross Wentz (United States) and<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u00a0Bishop Lajos Ordass (Hungary)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Members of the executive committee:<\/strong> <\/span>Dr. Franklin Clark Fry (U.S.), Dr. J. A. Aasgaard\u00a0 (U.S.), Dr. P. O. Bersell (U.S.), Bishop Dr. N. Beste (Germany) , Mr. Charles Delbruck (France), Bishop Dr. Teodor Gr\u00fcnbergs (Latvia), Dr. Alfred J\u00f6rgensen (Denmark), Rev. Joel Lakra (India), Bishop Dr. Hanns Lilje (Germany), Bishop Dr. Hans Meiser (Germany), Bishop Johannes Smemo (Norway), Prof. Dr. Ernst Sommerlath (Germany), and Prof. Dr. Osmo Tiilila (Finnland)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Executive Secretary:<\/strong><\/span><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Dr. Sylvester C. Michelfelder\u00a0<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/BishopGrunbergs-rotated.jpg\" class=\"et_pb_lightbox_image\" title=\"Original Caption: &quot;Dr. Howard Hong talks with Dean K. Kulltis in the procession from the Berchtesgaden camp church led by Archbishop Gr\u00fcnbergs.&quot;\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap has-box-shadow-overlay\"><div class=\"box-shadow-overlay\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1072\" height=\"775\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/BishopGrunbergs-rotated.jpg\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;Dr. Howard Hong talks with Dean K. Kulltis in the procession from the Berchtesgaden camp church led by Archbishop Gr\u00fcnbergs.&quot;\" title=\"Bishop Gr\u00fcnbergs\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/BishopGrunbergs-rotated.jpg 1072w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/BishopGrunbergs-980x708.jpg 980w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/BishopGrunbergs-480x347.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1072px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-1379\" \/><\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_3  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_5  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_3  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1>LWF-SR Field Staff 1947-1952 (Germany and Austria)<\/h1><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_4  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_6  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_4  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1>First on the Ground<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_5  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_7  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Lutheran-Representatives-Overseas-1.jpg\" class=\"et_pb_lightbox_image\" title=\"Note some of the bigger names under &quot;Lutheran Representatives Overseas&quot;: Dr. S.C. Michelfelder, Dr. Clifford Nelson, Dr. Julius Bodensieck (and his wife Justine Bodensieck), and Rev. Carl F. Schaffnit.\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap has-box-shadow-overlay\"><div class=\"box-shadow-overlay\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"869\" height=\"1128\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Lutheran-Representatives-Overseas-1.jpg\" alt=\"Note some of the bigger names under &quot;Lutheran Representatives Overseas&quot;: Dr. S.C. Michelfelder, Dr. Clifford Nelson, Dr. Julius Bodensieck (and his wife Justine Bodensieck), and Rev. Carl F. Schaffnit.\" title=\"Pastor&#039;s Bulletin-Lutheran World Action\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Lutheran-Representatives-Overseas-1.jpg 869w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Lutheran-Representatives-Overseas-1-480x623.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 869px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-1606\" \/><\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_2_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_8  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_5  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">Before the official staff began to form, LWF had multiple workers on the ground in Germany to scout out needs or provide resources. For instance, under <strong>Dr. Sylvester C. Michelfelder<\/strong>, chief European representative of LWF American Section, <strong>Dr. Clifford Ansgar Nelson<\/strong> worked on documenting the needs of refugees in Germany. <strong>Dr. Julius Bodensieck<\/strong>\u00a0worked as \"Protestant liason\" between the American military government and the German Church.\u00a0 <strong>Rev. Carl Schaffnit<\/strong> also did chaplaincy work in the various Allied Zones, and many others worked with CRALOG (Council of Relief Agencies Licensed for Operation in Germany).<span style=\"text-decoration: underline; font-size: small;\"><a href=\"#fn\"><span style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\">1<\/span><\/a><\/span>\u00a0 Thus, before even the official programming began, there were plenty of workers on the ground connected to the roots of LWF-SR and ready to assist those in need.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Pastors-Bulletin-Part-2.jpg\" class=\"et_pb_lightbox_image\" title=\"More on the Lutheran overseas representatives\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap has-box-shadow-overlay\"><div class=\"box-shadow-overlay\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"787\" height=\"517\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Pastors-Bulletin-Part-2.jpg\" alt=\"More on the Lutheran overseas representatives\" title=\"Pastor&#039;s Bulletin Part 2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Pastors-Bulletin-Part-2.jpg 787w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Pastors-Bulletin-Part-2-480x315.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 787px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-1607\" \/><\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_6  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_9  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_6  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_10  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_7  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">LWF-SR Staff (beginning after June 1947)<\/h1><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_8  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Dr. Stewart Herman:<\/strong><\/span> head of resettlement staff and then director of LWF-SR in Geneva<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Dr. Howard Hong:<\/strong><\/span> head of spiritual ministry and welfare staff and then senior field representative in Germany*<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Paul M. Lindberg:<\/strong><\/span> senior field representative in Germany after Howard Hong<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Dr. John Schmidt:<\/strong><\/span> senior field representative in Germany after Howard Hong<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Henriette Lund:<\/strong><\/span> director for Austria\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Dr. Alvin E. Fritz:<\/strong> <\/span>director for Austria after Henriette Lund<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Rev. Arnold W. Nelson:<\/strong><\/span> director of British Zone*<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Rev. Carl Mau:<\/strong><\/span> director of British Zone after Arnold Nelson<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Kenneth C. Senft:<\/strong> <\/span>(deputy) director of the American Zone<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Rev. Vernon Strempke:<\/strong><\/span> director of the American Zone after Kenneth Senft<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Rev. G. Dietrich:<\/strong><\/span> director of Ethnic Germans in the American Zone<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Theodore Hong:<\/strong><\/span> business manager<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div id=\"note\" class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_9  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Note about Titles<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Around June 1949, due to policy complications, LWF-SR found itself with two separate staffs for Germany: spiritual ministry and welfare (under Howard Hong) and resettlement (under Stewart Herman). To solve the problem and unite the staffs again, LWF-SR assigned new roles for the leaders of these staffs: field representative in Germany (Howard Hong) and director of Service to Refugees in Geneva (Stewart Herman).<span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><a href=\"#fn\" style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_11  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_10  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_7  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_12  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_11  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1>Displaced Pastors<\/h1><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_8  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_13  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_5\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/latvian-displaced-pastors-rotated.jpg\" class=\"et_pb_lightbox_image\" title=\"Original Caption: &quot;Over 100 pastors of the Latvian Lutheran Church-in-Exile from the western zones of Germany met in the Lutheran Study Center at Berchtesgaden in October 1948. It was the largest meeting ever possible for them in exile, including nearly all of their pastors. Several representatives of the LWF-SR also were present.&quot;\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap has-box-shadow-overlay\"><div class=\"box-shadow-overlay\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"919\" height=\"802\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/latvian-displaced-pastors-rotated.jpg\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;Over 100 pastors of the Latvian Lutheran Church-in-Exile from the western zones of Germany met in the Lutheran Study Center at Berchtesgaden in October 1948. It was the largest meeting ever possible for them in exile, including nearly all of their pastors. Several representatives of the LWF-SR also were present.&quot;\" title=\"Latvian Lutheran Church-in-Exile\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/latvian-displaced-pastors-rotated.jpg 919w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/latvian-displaced-pastors-480x419.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 919px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-1616\" \/><\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_2_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_14  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_12  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Serving their own, displaced pastors and persons took up an overwhelming amount of the program staff for LWF-SR as well as smaller roles along the way. Here are just a select few based on their nationalities and which Allied Zone they were in:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Latvian (in American and French Zones)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Rev. Dr. Karlis Bilzens:<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> director of youth work<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Rev. Fridrichs Kramins:<\/span> house father at Berchtesgaden<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Rev. Janis Rozentals:<\/span> director of chaplaincy service<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Rev. Prof. Feliks Treijs:<\/span> program director at Berchtesgaden<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Georg Odins:<\/span> resettlement secretary\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_9  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_15  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_13  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><strong>Latvian (in British Zone):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/exile\/#edmundsmits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px; text-decoration-line: underline;\">Prof. Edmunds <\/span>\u0160mits<span style=\"font-size: 18px; text-decoration-line: underline;\">:<\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"> program director at Imbshausen<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Pastor Edgars Kiploks:<\/span> director of chaplaincy service and publications<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Pastor Gustavs Kness-Knezinskis:<\/span> director of Sunday School and Youth Work<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Estonian (British, American, and French Zones):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Pastor Bruno Ederma:<\/span> director of congregational care<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Pastor Karl Kiisk:<\/span> replaced Ederma in congregational care<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">P<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">astor August Kivissik:<\/span> director of religious education<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Harry Nurmet:<\/span> LWF representative in French Zone<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_2_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_16  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_6\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Bruno-Ederma.jpg\" class=\"et_pb_lightbox_image\" title=\"Original Caption: &quot;In the area depot at the Lutheran Study Center in Imbshausen Congregational Care director Bruno Ederma prepares soap, razor blades, and other amenity items for distribution to the unemployed or invalid displaced persons in British zone camps.&quot;\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap has-box-shadow-overlay\"><div class=\"box-shadow-overlay\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"947\" height=\"763\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Bruno-Ederma.jpg\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;In the area depot at the Lutheran Study Center in Imbshausen Congregational Care director Bruno Ederma prepares soap, razor blades, and other amenity items for distribution to the unemployed or invalid displaced persons in British zone camps.&quot;\" title=\"Bruno Ederma at Imbshausen Depot\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Bruno-Ederma.jpg 947w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Bruno-Ederma-480x387.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 947px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-1384\" \/><\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_14  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2><span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe sailed to Germany, where people were starving, taking along faith, education, and love of our country.\u201d <\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Erita Erdmanis Dzila, Latvian DP at Insula<span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><a href=\"#fn\" style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\">3<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_10  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_17  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_15  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1>LWF-SR Program Staff<\/h1><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_16  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Post World War II Germany was split into zones and as a result, LWF-SR had staff to accompany the French, American, and British Zones. The main staff was located in the American and British Zones. However, there still was a small staff located in the French Zone as well. As you can see, many LWF-SR workers had to wear many hats. For instance, in the British Zone, the director of youth work, Pastor Gustavs Knez-Knezinskis, also led the religious education program, and area directors\/representatives often oversaw multiple IRO zones at once. <\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_17  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><strong>Quick Note on Navigation:\u00a0<\/strong>This is an interactive diagram. To see the different names of directors of different programs, hover your mouse or tap on the yellow hexagons.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_code et_pb_code_0\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_code_inner\"><div style=\"width: 100%;\"><div style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; padding-top: 0; height: 0;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"LWF-SR Staff\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%;\" src=\"https:\/\/view.genial.ly\/64babf58ac5b4d0015567ca2\" type=\"text\/html\" allowscriptaccess=\"always\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" scrolling=\"yes\" allownetworking=\"all\"><\/iframe> <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_11  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column et_pb_column_18  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_18  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">American Zone<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Pastor Karl Raudsepp:<\/strong> <\/span>director of congregational care program<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Pastor Eduard Lind:<\/strong> <\/span>director of congregational care after Pastor Raudsepp<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Rev. Janis Rozentals:<\/strong><\/span> director of chaplaincy service<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Rev. Prof. Feliks Treijs:<\/strong><\/span> program director at Berchtesgaden<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Rev. Fridrichs Kramins:<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> house father at Berchtesgaden<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Pastor August Kivissik: <\/strong><\/span>director of religious education<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Dr. Karlis Bilzens:<\/strong><\/span> director of youth work<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Area directors\/representatives:<\/strong><\/span> Joseph Anderson (then became executive administrative assistant in 1949), Hilding Olsson<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_19  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">French Zone:<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Harry Nurmet:<\/strong><\/span> LWF representative\/director<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Georg Odins:<\/strong><\/span> resettlement secretary<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Louise G\u00fcnthener:<\/strong><\/span> resettlement officer <\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column et_pb_column_19  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_20  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">British Zone<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Pastor Bruno Ederma:<\/strong> <\/span>director of congregational care<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Pastor Karl Kiisk:<\/strong><\/span> director of congregational care after Pastor Ederma<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Pastor Edgar Kiploks:<\/strong><\/span> director of the chaplaincy service as well as publications<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>James Anderson:<\/strong><\/span> director at Imbshausen study center as well as area director*<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Elise Anderson:<\/strong><\/span> hostess at Imbshausen and welfare officer*<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Professor <span style=\"font-size: 18px; text-decoration-line: underline;\">Edmunds <\/span>\u0160mits<span style=\"font-size: 18px; text-decoration-line: underline;\">:<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0program director at Imbshausen study center<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Pastor Gustavs Knez-Knezinskis:<\/strong> <\/span>director of youth work and religious education<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Area directors:<\/strong><\/span> Herbert Brokering, Russell Schilling, Reuben Baetz, James Anderson*<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_12  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_20  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element el_masonry_gallery el_masonry_gallery_0\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module_inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_wrapper\"data-enable_lightbox=\"on\" data-lightbox_effect=\"none\" data-enable_navigation=\"on\" data-lightbox_navigate_current=\"on\" data-isotope_transition_duration=\"400\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_gutter\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-mfp-src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Arnold-Nelson-1-rotated.jpg\" class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_image_wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"187\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Arnold-Nelson-1-187x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium no-lazyload skip-lazy\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;Arnold Nelson, formerly pastor of St. John&#039;s Lutheran Church in Northfield, Minn., indicates areas in which groups of Lutheran displaced persons live in the British Zone, where he is director of the Lutheran World Federation Service to Refugees.&quot;\" \/> <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_title_caption_wrapper\"><h4 class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_title\">Arnold Nelson<\/h4> <div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_caption\">Original Caption: \"Arnold Nelson, formerly pastor of St. John's Lutheran Church in Northfield, Minn., indicates areas in which groups of Lutheran displaced persons live in the British Zone, where he is director of the Lutheran World Federation Service to Refugees.\"<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><div data-mfp-src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Imbshausen-Staff-Christmas-1948-1-rotated.jpg\" class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_image_wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"228\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Imbshausen-Staff-Christmas-1948-1-300x228.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium no-lazyload skip-lazy\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;Schloss Imbshausen-Lutheran Study Center Resident Staff and families, some guests.&quot; &quot;Christmas 1948&quot;\" \/> <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_title_caption_wrapper\"><h4 class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_title\">Imbshausen Staff Christmas 1948 (1)<\/h4> <div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_caption\">Original Caption: \"Schloss Imbshausen-Lutheran Study Center Resident Staff and families, some guests.\" \"Christmas 1948\"<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><div data-mfp-src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/British-Zone-Staff.jpg\" class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_image_wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"211\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/British-Zone-Staff-211x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium no-lazyload skip-lazy\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;This was the British zone staff of field workers when Arnold Nelson became Lutheran World Federation zone director in October, 1948. L. to r., Gustavs Kness-Knezinskis, Latvian, director of religious education; Edgars Kiploks, Latvian, chaplaincy services and publications; Herbert Brokering, American, area director; Prof. Edmunds Smits, Latvian, Study Center program director; Arnold Nelson; Bruno Ederma, Estonian, congregational care; and James Anderson, area director. Not on the picture is Elise Anderson, welfare officer.&quot;\" \/> <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_title_caption_wrapper\"><h4 class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_title\">British Zone Staff<\/h4> <div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_caption\">Original Caption: \"This was the British zone staff of field workers when Arnold Nelson became Lutheran World Federation zone director in October, 1948. L. to r., Gustavs Kness-Knezinskis, Latvian, director of religious education; Edgars Kiploks, Latvian, chaplaincy services and publications; Herbert Brokering, American, area director; Prof. Edmunds Smits, Latvian, Study Center program director; Arnold Nelson; Bruno Ederma, Estonian, congregational care; and James Anderson, area director. Not on the picture is Elise Anderson, welfare officer.\"<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><div data-mfp-src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/American-Zone-Staff.jpg\" class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_image_wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"283\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/American-Zone-Staff-300x283.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium no-lazyload skip-lazy\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;A. Kivisikk, Estonian pastor, religious education director, George Spindt, resettlement officer, Latvian Pastor F. Kramins, Prof. Felix Treus [Treijs], Berchtesgaden Lutheran Study Center program director, and Lutheran World Federation American zone director Kenneth Senft discuss the next day&#039;s program at the Center.&quot;\" \/> <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_title_caption_wrapper\"><h4 class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_title\">American Zone Staff at Berchtesgaden<\/h4> <div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_caption\">Original Caption: \"A. Kivisikk, Estonian pastor, religious education director, George Spindt, resettlement officer, Latvian Pastor F. Kramins, Prof. Felix Treus [Treijs], Berchtesgaden Lutheran Study Center program director, and Lutheran World Federation American zone director Kenneth Senft discuss the next day's program at the Center.\"<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><div data-mfp-src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Resettlement-Lists-Frankfurt.jpg\" class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_image_wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"272\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Resettlement-Lists-Frankfurt-272x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium no-lazyload skip-lazy\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;In the Frankfurt resettlement headquarters of the Lutheran World Federation, Ilse Skipana, Latvian, lists persons receiving assurances and being process for resettlement.&quot;\" \/> <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_title_caption_wrapper\"><h4 class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_title\">Resettlement Lists-Frankfurt<\/h4> <div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_caption\">Original Caption: \"In the Frankfurt resettlement headquarters of the Lutheran World Federation, Ilse Skipana, Latvian, lists persons receiving assurances and being process for resettlement.\"<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><div data-mfp-src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/LWF-SR-workers-relaxing.jpg\" class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_image_wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/LWF-SR-workers-relaxing-300x295.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium no-lazyload skip-lazy\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;Workers among displaced person relax on a Bavarian Alp during a Lutheran World Federation Staff Conference. L. to re.: James Anderson, Elise Anderson, Knut Okkenhaug (IRO), Hilding Olsson, Herbert Brokering, Arnold Nelson, Kenneth Senft, Peter Elstadt, Hugo Becker (World Council of Churches), Ted Hong, and Howard Hong.&quot;\" \/> <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_title_caption_wrapper\"><h4 class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_title\">LWF-SR Workers during Staff Conference<\/h4> <div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_caption\">Original Caption: \"Workers among displaced person relax on a Bavarian Alp during a Lutheran World Federation Staff Conference. L. to re.: James Anderson, Elise Anderson, Knut Okkenhaug (IRO), Hilding Olsson, Herbert Brokering, Arnold Nelson, Kenneth Senft, Peter Elstadt, Hugo Becker (World Council of Churches), Ted Hong, and Howard Hong.\"<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><div data-mfp-src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Herbert-Brokering.jpg\" class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_image_wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"271\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Herbert-Brokering-300x271.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium no-lazyload skip-lazy\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;Herbert Brokering, LWF Service to Refugees area director in Schleswig-Holstein, finds his keep an object of great interest during a visit at the DP Study Center at Pinneberg. Brokering, from Pickrell, Nebraska, served among the displaced persons from June 1948 to August 1949.&quot;\" \/> <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_title_caption_wrapper\"><h4 class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_title\">Herbert Brokering<\/h4> <div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_caption\">Original Caption: \"Herbert Brokering, LWF Service to Refugees area director in Schleswig-Holstein, finds his keep an object of great interest during a visit at the DP Study Center at Pinneberg. Brokering, from Pickrell, Nebraska, served among the displaced persons from June 1948 to August 1949.\"<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><div data-mfp-src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/08\/Kiplocks-with-Family-rotated.jpg\" class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_image_wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/08\/Kiplocks-with-Family-300x270.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium no-lazyload skip-lazy people\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;Pastor Edgars Kiploks, Lutheran World Federation chaplaincy services and publications director with his family and sister-in-law (right) in the Augustdorf camp where the family lives. It is not possible for Pastor Kiploks to be with his family regularly, since he must be at the LWF Hq. and on the road most of the time.&quot;\" data-categories=\"21\" \/> <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_title_caption_wrapper\"><h4 class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_title\">Kiploks with Family (LWF-PS)<\/h4> <div class=\"el_masonry_gallery_item_caption\">Original Caption: \"Pastor Edgars Kiploks, Lutheran World Federation chaplaincy services and publications director with his family and sister-in-law (right) in the Augustdorf camp where the family lives. It is not possible for Pastor Kiploks to be with his family regularly, since he must be at the LWF Hq. and on the road most of the time.\"<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_13  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_21  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_21  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2>But multiple programs and accompanying staff worked across zones as well. Including:<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Individual Migration Office<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Pastor Elstad:<\/strong> Chief Individual Migration Officer<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Followed by <strong>Rev. Vincent L. Hawkinson<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Resettlement officer<\/span>: <strong>Dr. Otonas Stanaitis<\/strong>*<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>US Immigration Office (Frankfurt):<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Resettlement officers:<\/span> <strong>Ruth Elstad<\/strong> (Frankfurt)\/ <strong>Mr. Pullerits + Mrs. Jurma<\/strong> (area 7),\u00a0 <strong>Mr. Kalnins + Mr. Langins<\/strong> (area 2), <strong>Mr. Gutman<\/strong> (area 5)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Rev. George A. Spindt:<\/strong><\/span> chief resettlement officer (new title after <a href=\"#note\">policy changes of June 1949)<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Probst Valters:<\/strong><\/span> director of student work<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Pastor Edgar Kiploks:<\/strong><\/span> director of publications (as well as the chaplaincy service in the British Zone)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_2_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_22  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_7\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Berchtesgaden-Staff.jpg\" class=\"et_pb_lightbox_image\" title=\"Original Caption: &quot;During the winter, the American zone LWF Service to Refugees staff gathered for a weekend at the Lutheran Study Center at Berchtesgaden for fellowship and inspiration.&quot;\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap has-box-shadow-overlay\"><div class=\"box-shadow-overlay\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1069\" height=\"686\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Berchtesgaden-Staff.jpg\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;During the winter, the American zone LWF Service to Refugees staff gathered for a weekend at the Lutheran Study Center at Berchtesgaden for fellowship and inspiration.&quot;\" title=\"American Zone Staff at Berchtesgaden\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Berchtesgaden-Staff.jpg 1069w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Berchtesgaden-Staff-980x629.jpg 980w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/Berchtesgaden-Staff-480x308.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1069px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-1619\" \/><\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_14  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_23  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_8\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap \"><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_15  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_24  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_22  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1>Other Important Roles<\/h1><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_16  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_2_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_25  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_23  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While looking to the program directors and LWF leaders is valuable in understanding the organization, it truly was the smaller roles that allowed for the program to effectively bring aid. These roles included:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Pastors, deaconesses, Sunday-school teachers, etc.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supply managers at various warehouses (A. Braunsteins)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Resettlement counselors (Aleksander Kacens) and resettlement officers<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secretaries\/typists<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Drivers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Domestics (for study centers)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Welfare officers (Elise Anderson)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Administrative assistant<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the Imbshausen study center alone, they needed a secretary, typist, driver, instructors, lecturers, a radio technician, domestics, cooks, etc.<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"#fn\"><span style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">4<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span> Without these smaller roles that fed people or cleaned rooms for the upcoming conferences or classes, Imbshausen would not have been what it was to the many people it served. And the same goes for all the other smaller roles that the staff of LWF-SR occupied. Also, on top of these more official roles, there also were the hundreds of displaced pastors servicing their congregations with the support of LWF-SR. <\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_26  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_9\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/AliceErlanderFrankfurtResize.jpg\" class=\"et_pb_lightbox_image\" title=\"Original Caption: &quot;In the main Lutheran World Federation Resettlement office at Frankfurt, Germany, Miss Alice Erlander selects family registration cards for provisional matching with assurances received from the National Lutheran Council. This field registration was done by a designated committee of the Churches-in-Exile.&quot;\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"860\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/AliceErlanderFrankfurtResize.jpg\" alt=\"Original Caption: &quot;In the main Lutheran World Federation Resettlement office at Frankfurt, Germany, Miss Alice Erlander selects family registration cards for provisional matching with assurances received from the National Lutheran Council. This field registration was done by a designated committee of the Churches-in-Exile.&quot;\" title=\"Alice Erlander Frankfurt\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/AliceErlanderFrankfurtResize.jpg 600w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/07\/AliceErlanderFrankfurtResize-480x688.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 600px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-1795\" \/><\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_section et_pb_section_1 et_pb_with_background  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_section_regular et_block_section\" >\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_17  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_27  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_24  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/st-olaf-college-lwf\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">*<\/span>St. Olaf Connections<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div id=\"fn\" class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_section et_pb_section_2 et_pb_with_background  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_section_regular et_block_section\" >\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_18  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_28  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_25  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">Endnotes<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lutheran World Action, \u201cLutheran Representatives Overseas,\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pastor\u2019s Bulletin <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(New York City, New York), January 1947, housed in Luther Seminary Library.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kenneth C. Senft,\u00a0 \u201cThe Lutheran World Federation and the Displaced Person\u201d (PhD diss., Lutheran Theological Seminary, 1952), found in Kierkegaard Library Rare Books Room, 87.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Erita Erdmanis Dzilna, \u201cA Childhood like no Other,\u201d in <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Insula, Island of Hope: A Latvian Memoir<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. [Revised and Enlarged edition], (Morgan Hill, CA: Bookstand Publishing, 2013), 133.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elise Anderson, \u201cImbshausen Schloss,\u201d 1990, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S 09 rep Nr. 394, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Landeskirchliches Archiv, Hannover, Germany.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_26  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">References<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Baetz, Reuben C. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Service to Refugees, 1947-1952<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Geneva: Lutheran World Federation, 1952.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Luther Seminary. \u201cSmits, Edmunds Biographical File.\u201d St. Paul, Minnesota: Luther Seminary, n.d. ELCA Region 3 Archives Luther Seminary Archives and Arts.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Luther Seminary. \u201cRozentals, Janis Biographical File.\u201d St. Paul, Minnesota: Luther Seminary, n.d. ELCA Region 3 Archives Luther Seminary Archives and Arts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lutheran World Action. \u201cLutheran Representatives Overseas.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pastor\u2019s Bulletin<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, January 1947. Luther Seminary.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lutheran World Federation. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lutheran World Federation Service to Refugees in Germany 1947-1949. Materials for Report<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Edited by Howard V. Hong. Vol. 1, 1949.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lutheran World Federation. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lutheran World Federation Service to Refugees 1947-1949 Photographic Section<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Edited by Howard V Hong, 1949.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organisations-Schema der LWF.\u201d Likely published by Lutheran World Federation, n.d. D 15 VIII Nr. 12. Landeskirchliches Archiv, Hannover.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Representatives and Field Offices Germany Frankfurt\/m Miscellaneous International, Local, and Indigenous 1949-1952, 1949-1952. Box 6. Lutheran World Federation Archive, Geneva.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Representatives and Field Offices Germany Frankfurt\/m R.P. Latvian Lutheran Church, 1949-1952. Box 7, folder 1. Lutheran World Federation Archive, Geneva.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Senft, Kenneth C. \u201cThe Lutheran World Federation and the Displaced Person.\u201d Lutheran Theological Seminary, 1952. Kierkegaard Library Rare Books Room.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span>Click the button below to view the complete bibliography for this digital exhibition.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol><\/ol><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_button_module_wrapper et_pb_button_0_wrapper et_pb_button_alignment_left et_pb_module \">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"et_pb_button et_d4_element et_pb_button_0 et_pb_bg_layout_light et_block_module\" href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/research-resources\/\" target=\"_blank\">Bibliography<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_section et_pb_section_3 et_pb_with_background  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_section_regular et_block_section\" >\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_19  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_29  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_27  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">Photo Credits <span>(from top to bottom, left to right)*<\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Group of ten men in suits sitting at a table, Lutheran World Federation Service to Refugees 1947-1949 Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagram of the organization of the LWF with churches on top, found in Landeskirchliches Archiv, used with permission of Lutheran World Federation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Group of religious leaders in a procession, Lutheran World Federation Service, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cPastor\u2019s Bulletin,\u201d found in Luther Seminary Library, used with permission of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) Region 3 Archives Luther Seminary.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cLutheran Representatives,\u201d found in and used with permission of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) Region 3 Archives Luther Seminary.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over 100 pastors sitting for a portrait, Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Man with papers next to packages, Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\"LWF-SR Program Staff\" diagram, c<span>reated by Anneke Shiller through the Genially\u2122 program.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Within Photo Gallery:<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Man pointing at map, Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Photo of people by Christmas tree, Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Group of men at table (British zone staff), Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Group of men around small table with papers (American zone staff), Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Woman in front of typewriter, Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Man opening jeep car door with children nearby, Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Group of people sitting with trees in the background, Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Family posing for portrait, <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>After Photo Gallery:<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Group of people of many ages standing in front of mountain background, Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Two woman in front of many folders, Lutheran World Federation Service Photographic Section, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>*Description ordering is based on computer view. If viewing this page on a smartphone or tablet, please check the descriptions provided as the ordering may be distorted.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":5123,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-966","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/966","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5123"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=966"}],"version-history":[{"count":55,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/966\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6205,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/966\/revisions\/6205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=966"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}