[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/08\/LWA-bull-e1691018403250.jpg” min_height=”274px” height=”371px” custom_padding=”77px||0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”rgba(63,91,115,0.78)” module_alignment=”center” min_height=”107px” height=”226px” overflow-x=”visible” overflow-y=”visible” custom_margin=”||110px||false|false” custom_padding=”40px||60px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” custom_padding_phone=”20px|20px|20px|20px|true|true” module_alignment_tablet=”center” module_alignment_phone=”center” module_alignment_last_edited=”off|desktop” border_radii=”on|10px|10px|10px|10px” box_shadow_style=”preset4″ box_shadow_horizontal=”-30vw” box_shadow_vertical=”0px” box_shadow_color=”rgba(63,91,115,0.78)” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.20.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.20.0″ _module_preset=”f5e0ff81-2f19-4b96-a9fa-6c9ddbca4db2″ header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=”https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/about-international-cooperation\/” button_text=”by Xiaoyang Hu” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”7515b9ef-549f-4dd2-8c3e-b997439adc54″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#3f5b73″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”eb28ae09-1549-4722-8d9b-8fb6e82c1ae0″ text_font=”Sura||||||||” text_text_color=”#FFFFF0″ text_font_size=”25px” header_2_font=”Times New Roman||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_2_font_size=”29px” min_height=”152px” height=”156px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n This page focuses on different American Lutheran organizations working to fund and aid refugee programs. It both discusses the work of American Lutheran national organizations (National Lutheran Council (NLC)<\/a>, Lutheran World Action (LWA)<\/a>, and Lutheran World Relief (LWR)<\/a>) as well as the valuable work of local congregations<\/a> (St. John’s Lutheran Council).<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ specialty=”on” module_id=”NLC” _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#FFFFF0″ custom_padding=”||7px|||” top_divider_style=”mountains” top_divider_color=”#3f5b73″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ specialty_columns=”2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”50px||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”21px” text_line_height=”1.8em” header_2_font=”Cormorant|700|||||||” header_2_text_color=”#1C2B5E” header_2_font_size=”45px” header_2_letter_spacing=”1px” min_height=”276.5px” custom_padding=”||0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Seeing the need for a common agency to act in a combined effort, the Lutherans gathered together and formed the National Lutheran Council (initially named as \u201cLutheran Federal Council\u201d) on Sept. 6, 1918. The NLC was created with the purpose of unifying the statistical information, publicity, coordination of agencies and activities, and the creation of new agencies to deal with problems aroused by war and other emergency situations in the Lutheran Church.1 <\/a><\/span><\/span>Eventually the\u00a0 Department of Welfare of NLC was created as NLC gained reputation from its previous work and to take up the war-time responsibilities, such as funding aid or resettlement work.2<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/08\/NLC-sign.jpg” alt=”The NLC letter head from NLC letters, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation Geneva Archive and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.” title_text=”The NLC letter head from NLC letters, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation Geneva Archive and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”50px||||false|false” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”-87px|||||” custom_padding=”20px||0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”LWA” _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#FFFFF0″ custom_margin=”-87px|||||” custom_padding=”20px||0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text module_id=”lwa” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” header_font=”Cormorant||||||||” header_text_color=”#1C2B5E” header_font_size=”45px” box_shadow_style=”preset7″ box_shadow_horizontal=”5px” box_shadow_vertical=”6px” box_shadow_spread=”1px” box_shadow_color=”#1C2B5E” box_shadow_position=”outer” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ admin_label=”Row” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/08\/LWA-signs.jpg” alt=”The sign of Lutheran World Action, screenshot from the LWA Bulletin, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation Archive and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America .” title_text=”The sign of Lutheran World Action, screenshot from the LWA Bulletin, used with permission of the Lutheran World Federation Archive and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America .” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.8em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n During WWII in 1939, the Lutheran World Convention (LWC) worked in fundraising to maintain the orphaned missions from the German and Finnish Lutherans, and in rehabilitating church properties. As the programs expanded, NLC took over the administrative costs. <\/span><\/p>\n Since the NLC\u2019s usual fund was not enough for such an emergency, they started an appeal, called Lutheran World Action<\/strong>(LWA). The LWA funding allowed the LWC to \u201ccare for foreign missions and to maintain other emergency services such as the Lutheran Refugee Service, aid to war prisoners, and China Relief.\u201d3<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> The LWA program fundraised through a variety of film\/radio projects and church bulletins such as the one to the right.4<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wYWdlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjE3MSJ9fQ==@” url_new_window=”on” button_text=”LWA Film Productions” button_alignment=”left” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _dynamic_attributes=”button_url” custom_button=”on” button_text_size=”14px” button_text_color=”#000000″ button_bg_color=”#e0d8c8″ button_border_width=”0px” button_border_radius=”0px” button_letter_spacing=”1px” button_font=”|700||on|||||” transform_translate=”-4px|-15px” custom_margin=”|-60px|0px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”16px|28px|16px|28px|true|true” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/lwf-refugee-service\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1702\/2023\/09\/From-a-Resettlement.jpg” alt=”In this article called %22From a Resettlement Worker’s Diary%22 in a Lutheran World Action Bulletin (March 1949), Miss Henriette Lund describes her work as a resettlement officer for LWF-SR in the American Zone. To note, Lund was also influential and prominent in LWF-SR work in Austria, as director.” title_text=”From a Resettlement” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”LWR” _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#FFFFF0″ custom_padding=”||0px|||” top_divider_color=”RGBA(255,255,255,0)” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text module_id=”lwa” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” header_font=”Cormorant||||||||” header_text_color=”#1C2B5E” header_font_size=”45px” box_shadow_style=”preset7″ box_shadow_horizontal=”5px” box_shadow_vertical=”6px” box_shadow_spread=”1px” box_shadow_color=”#1C2B5E” box_shadow_position=”outer” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”20px||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”22px” text_line_height=”1.8em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Lutheran World Relief (LWR)<\/strong> was an important companion to Lutheran World Action (LWA). Beginning in 1945, LWR was first organized to reach Germany and Finland with emergency material relief, because these lands were excluded from UNRRA help. In the end, it made its way through 42 countries.5<\/span><\/a><\/span> Though LWR was the material aid for NLC, and its council staff have been the main administrators of its program of overseas physical relief (Ralph Long, Clarence Krumbholz and Bernard A. Confer), it was not<\/em> part of the NLC and only incorporated with LWA separately. Reverend Franklin C. Fry<\/strong> was the president of LWR through its first two decades.6<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”2_5,3_5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”2_5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.8em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Shipments valued $22,000,000 by 1952 and $172,000,000 by 1965 in the form of more than a billion pounds of relief goods were sent by LWR.<\/span><\/p>\n The LWR staff worked in distribution, but frequently, the works were done by the staff of other organizations (e.g. Lutheran World Federation and World Council of Churches).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text quote_border_color=”#8B2230″ _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”18px” text_line_height=”1.8em” quote_text_color=”#bf5e5e” header_4_font=”Sura||||||||” header_4_text_color=”#000000″ header_4_font_size=”23px” hover_enabled=”0″ border_width_all=”9px” border_color_all=”#FFFFF0″ box_shadow_style=”preset4″ box_shadow_horizontal=”15px” box_shadow_blur=”9px” box_shadow_color=”#1C2B5E” global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″ custom_margin=”|||-15px||”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n For more information on the actual relief programs and arrangements, please visit the Refugee Services<\/a> section.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_divider color=”gcid-d24d755b-096b-425e-a2e9-2437f81621eb” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-d24d755b-096b-425e-a2e9-2437f81621eb%22:%91%22color%22%93}”][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”local” _builder_version=”4.25.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#FFFFF0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text module_id=”lwa” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” header_font=”Cormorant||||||||” header_text_color=”#1C2B5E” header_font_size=”45px” box_shadow_style=”preset7″ box_shadow_horizontal=”5px” box_shadow_vertical=”6px” box_shadow_spread=”1px” box_shadow_color=”#1C2B5E” box_shadow_position=”outer” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.8em” header_2_font=”Cormorant||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#000000″ header_2_font_size=”30px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n In Jan. 1946, St. John\u2019s congregation appointed a committee to work on the war relief in cooperation with the LWA and LWR.<\/span><\/p>\n This “Committee for the Resettlement of Displaced Persons” here consisted of: Dr. Frank Verbrugge , George Campbell, Mrs. C. B. Helgen, Mrs. Olaf Christiansen, Albert Quie, and Mrs. P. E. Fossum. At the same time, pastor Boral Biorn also contributed substantially to resettlement work in the local area.8<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n The Role of Local Congregations<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n The local congregations helped in two parts:<\/p>\n 1. The provision of sponsorships to fulfill the assurance requirement for displaced persons. Local Lutheran congregations, such as St. John\u2019s, called upon the local community and secured jobs with housings.<\/span><\/p>\n 2. They also aided in the settling-in process, especially when it came to understanding language and culture.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text module_id=”lwa” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” header_font=”Cormorant||||||||” header_text_color=”#1C2B5E” header_font_size=”45px” box_shadow_style=”preset7″ box_shadow_horizontal=”5px” box_shadow_vertical=”6px” box_shadow_spread=”1px” box_shadow_color=”#1C2B5E” box_shadow_position=”outer” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.8em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n \u00a0The Midwest was very active in the resettlement of displaced persons, resulting in state governments establishing their own commissions regarding resettlement.<\/p>\n The Minnesota Commission was in contact with the higher government institutions, such as the Congress, to clarify the capacity of Minnesota in receiving DPs.9<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n These commissions had to go through thorough investigations with those providing assurances, concerning the housing conditions they were providing and the kind of jobs. Furthermore, the public institutions, such as schools, health service providers and various Minnesota agencies cooperated and played an active part in the immigrants\u2019 resettlement.10<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.8em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
<\/p>\nNational Lutheran Council (NLC)<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Lutheran World Action (LWA)<\/h1>\n
Lutheran World Relief (LWR)<\/h1>\n
\n
<\/ul>\n
LWR was a type of <\/span>interchurch aid<\/b> rather than simply material relief. Its help was given based on the need without regard to religious affiliation despite the fact that it distributed the goods through church organization channels.<\/span><\/h4>\n
\n
Lutheran World Relief \u201cjoined Lutheran World Action in registering a remarkable achievement in cooperative action among American\u2019s Lutherans.\u201d7<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n
<\/ul>\n
Northfield, Minnesota Resettlement Aid<\/h1>\n
St. John\u2019s Lutheran Church & Northfield Local Committee for Resettlement of Displaced Persons\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n
The Minnesota Commission on Resettlement of Displaced Persons\u00a0<\/h1>\n