{"id":9025,"date":"2024-11-21T21:36:56","date_gmt":"2024-11-22T03:36:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/?p=9025"},"modified":"2024-11-21T21:36:56","modified_gmt":"2024-11-22T03:36:56","slug":"paul-robeson-and-ol-man-river","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/2024\/11\/21\/paul-robeson-and-ol-man-river\/","title":{"rendered":"Paul Robeson and Ol\u2019 Man River"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em>Ol\u2019 Man River<\/em> is a song that has been performed many times, analyzed, and critiqued for its lyrical depth and cultural significance. While exploring archives of the Chicago Defender, I came across a 1936 article about the film <em>Showboat<\/em>, titled: <em>Paul Robeson Makes Film \u2018Showboat\u2019 One of Finest<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a>.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_9026\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-9.29.58\u202fPM.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"https:\/\/www.proquest.com\/hnpchicagodefender\/docview\/492501551\/AADCFE4DA9C44877PQ\/8?accountid=351&amp;sourcetype=Historical%20Newspapers noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9026\" class=\"wp-image-9026 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-9.29.58\u202fPM-300x237.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-9.29.58\u202fPM-300x237.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-9.29.58\u202fPM-150x118.jpg 150w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-9.29.58\u202fPM-380x300.jpg 380w, https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-9.29.58\u202fPM.jpg 702w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-9026\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">August 8th, 1936<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The article offers a broad summary of the film, highlighting a few of the actors and key scenes. Notably, it praises Robeson\u2019s vocal performance, describing his voice as:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cHis deep vibrant voice ringing above the din of noise, the blare of music, the harmony of voices, fills the listener\u2019s ears and hearts with gladness.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The description of his vocal quality is vivid and reverent, capturing the power of Robeson\u2019s performance. However, it glosses over the song\u2019s lyrical content and deeper implications. Given that the article was published just three months after the film\u2019s premiere, one might expect some discussion of the song&#8217;s meaning, especially in the context of race and labor. It simultaneously reminds us of its perceivedness during a different time.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The article does briefly touch on the presence of Black characters in the film, stating:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cPictures portraying the South are incomplete without the richness and colorful figure of the Negro. He is an integral part of the land of toil, deeply and firmly entrenched.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yet this framing reduces the portrayal of Black characters to a scenic element rather than addressing their narratives or the systemic struggles they represent. The lack of critique is understandable, as the article is descriptive rather than analytical, but it shows how the significance of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ol\u2019 Man River<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a song central to the film, was overshadowed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"584\" height=\"329\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/eh9WayN7R-s?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In following performances, Robeson himself addressed this oversight by altering the lyrics of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ol\u2019 Man River<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to reflect his evolving understanding of Black identity and resistance<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote2sym\" name=\"sdfootnote2anc\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a>. In 1938, for example, Robeson made changes that transformed the song\u2019s tone:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Instead of the original: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cDere&#8217;s an ol&#8217; man called de Mississippi, \/ Dat&#8217;s de ol&#8217; man that I&#8217;d like to be&#8230;&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Robeson sang: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#8220;There&#8217;s an ol&#8217; man called the Mississippi, \/ That&#8217;s the ol&#8217; man I don&#8217;t like to be&#8230;&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Similarly, he replaced: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#8220;Ah gits weary \/ An&#8217; sick of tryin&#8217;; \/ Ah&#8217;m tired of livin&#8217; \/ An&#8217; skeered of dyin&#8217;; \/ But Ol&#8217; Man River, \/ He jes&#8217; keeps rolling along!&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">with: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#8220;But I keeps laffin&#8217; \/ Instead of cryin&#8217;; \/ I must keep fightin&#8217;; \/ Until I&#8217;m dyin&#8217;; \/ And Ol&#8217; Man River, \/ He&#8217;ll just keep rollin&#8217; along!&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"584\" height=\"329\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GKf1xlrPzmQ?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Through these changes, Robeson reimagined the song as a declaration of perseverance and resistance.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote1\">\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1 <\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Berry, Tommy. &#8220;Paul Robeson Makes Film &#8216;Showboat&#8217; One of Finest.&#8221; The Chicago Defender (National Edition) (1921-1967), Aug 08, 1936. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.proquest.com\/historical-newspapers\/paul-robeson-makes-film-showboat-one-finest\/docview\/492501551\/se-2\">https:\/\/www.proquest.com\/historical-newspapers\/paul-robeson-makes-film-showboat-one-finest\/docview\/492501551\/se-2<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote2\">\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote2anc\" name=\"sdfootnote2sym\">2\u00a0 <\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lennox, Sara. \u201cReading Transnationally: The GDR and American Black Writers.\u201d In <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Art Outside the Lines: New Perspectives on GDR Art Culture<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, edited by Elaine Kelly and Amy Wlodarski, 111\u201330. Brill, 2011. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.1163\/j.ctv2gjwvkc.10\">http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.1163\/j.ctv2gjwvkc.10<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ol\u2019 Man River is a song that has been performed many times, analyzed, and critiqued for its lyrical depth and cultural significance. While exploring archives of the Chicago Defender, I came across a 1936 article about the film Showboat, titled: &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/2024\/11\/21\/paul-robeson-and-ol-man-river\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5296,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1563],"tags":[93,761,1677,142,1665],"class_list":["post-9025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fall-24-mus-345b","tag-chicago-defender","tag-lyrics","tag-ol-man-river","tag-paul-robeson","tag-show-boat"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7jEhR-2lz","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5296"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9025"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9025\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9027,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9025\/revisions\/9027"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}